How is it calculated? For a given era sum total weight and rewards then determine percentage of total weight for each validator. Determine for 100% of reward, what % each validator was awarded relative to the whole. The reward %'s era over era for a validator that is performing should be consistent with their % of total weight relative to the whole. If it's low, their participation is low.
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Imagine a group of people, called validators, working together on a task. They earn rewards based on how much they contribute. Here's how we make sure everyone gets a fair share:
First, we look at the total effort from everyone and the total rewards for an era (a specific time period).
Next, we calculate each validator's contribution as a percentage of the total effort. This shows how much work each person did compared to the whole group.
We then determine what percentage of the total rewards each validator should receive, based on their effort. This tells us what portion of the rewards each person deserves because of their contribution.
This process helps ensure that everyone is rewarded appropriately for their contribution to the task at hand, ensuring fairness in rewards relative to effort.